.jpg "Indentation of alloy steel")
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Low carbon ferritic-martensitic alloy steels exhibit advanced material properties at higher temperatures and, therefore, they are used in piping, pressure vessels and nuclear reactors. Alloy steel grade 91 or P91 (9CrMo) (Table 1) has better creep resistance at higher temperatures.
First, electromagnetic actuation and the dynamics of KLA nanoindenters. are used to determine the modulus of elasticity of grade 91 steel as a function of indentation depth and load (Figure 1).
Figure 1. Results of nanoindentation tests on grade 91 steel using an iMicro nanoindentor. A load is applied and the resulting indentation depth is measured. Material properties, such as modulus of elasticity, are continuously measured while the load is applied. The result is a set of data that can be used to assess the mechanical behavior of surfaces.
Table 1. Mechanical properties and composition of grade 91 alloy steel
| Typical mechanical properties | Value |
|---|---|
| Ult. Tensile strength | 585 – 760 MPa |
| Elasticity limit | 415 MPa |
| Elongation at break | 18% |
| Elasticity module | 200 GPa |
| Poisson coefficient | 0.29 |
| Element | Weight % |
|---|---|
| Fe | Balance |
| Cr | 8.00 – 9.50 |
| Mo | 0.85 – 1.05 |
| Mn | 0.30 – 0.60 |
| Yes | 0.20 – 0.50 |
| V | 0.18 – 0.25 |
| VS | 0.08 – 0.12 |
| Nb | 0.06 – 0.10 |
| NOT | 0.03 – 0.07 |
NanoBlitz 3D – Fast statistical quantification
In addition, the power of high speed indentation as well as the generation of powerful statistical data with NanoBlitz 3D is also highlighted. A total of 3600 distinct indentations were made over a 100m x 100m area using NanoBlitz 3D in an iMicro® system at an applied load of 2 mN. For the 3,600 fingerprints, the total test time was 2,800 seconds, resulting in a fast but large data set demonstrating the statistical power and efficiency of the NanoBlitz 3D.
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Figure 2. Nanoindentation hardness probability distribution function from 3600 individual indentations on grade 91 steel.
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Figure 3. Modulus of elasticity probability distribution function from 3600 individual indentations on grade 91 steel.
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This information was obtained, reviewed and adapted from materials provided by Nanomechanics, Inc., a KLA-Tencor company.
For more information on this source, please visit KLA.
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